2023, Article / Letter to editor (Physical and Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics, vol. 43, iss. 1, (2023), pp. 74-92)AIMS: Performing the Perceive, Recall, Plan and Perform (PRPP)-Assessment, using video material of everyday life, seems sensible to lower the patient burden, enhance ecological validity, and provide care at a distance. However, receipt of adequate video material is not self-evident and assessing videos can be challenging. Therefore, this study aims to optimize the process of gaining video material and to optimize the PRPP-Assessment based on parent-provided videos. METHODS: An action design research method was used, focusing on implementation of the PRPP-Assessment based on parent-provided videos within the care of children with a mitochondrial disorder or similar symptoms. RESULTS: Five cycles were conducted. To receive input, the cycles used videos of nine children performing activities, written feedback, and semi-structured interviews and focus groups comprising parents (nn=n13), a teacher (nn=n1), occupational therapists (nn=n16), and other professionals (nn=n2) . This led to successful implementation of the PRPP-Assessment. General lessons were learned on (1) instructing parents; (2) handling video material; (3) PRPP-Assessment based on parent-provided videos; and (4) PRPP-Assessment of children (with limited functional abilities). CONCLUSIONS: Lessons learned should be implemented in practice and are incorporated into a manual to guide the implementation of video-based observations with PRPP-Assessment in practice.
2022, Article / Letter to editor (Disability and Rehabilitation, (2022), pp. 1-14)PURPOSE: To investigate the reliability and validity of the Perceive, Recall, Plan and Perform System of Task Analysis (PRPP-Assessment) by parent-provided videos of children with mitochondrial disorders. METHODS: Videos of 13 children performing 3-7 activities each were the subject of study, resulting in 65 activities. These were scored using the PRPP-Assessment by 11 raters. Internal consistency was calculated with Cronbach's alpha. Intra-rater reliability was evaluated by Bland-Altman Plots on 44 PRPP-Assessment scores. Inter-rater reliability was calculated with ICC(Agreement) on 128 PRPP-Assessment scores. Construct validity was assessed by comparing the PRPP-Assessment scores to the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure using Cohen's Kappa. PRPP-Assessments scores were evaluated with a multi-faceted Rasch Analysis. RESULTS: Internal consistency was high (0.92). Intra-rater reliability was sufficient to be good (92-96% within the 95%-Limits of the Agreement). The ICC(Agreement) for stage 1 Mastery Score showed acceptable inter-rater reliability (0.646). Stage 2 of the PRPP-Assessment showed low ICCs due to a lack of variability within the sample. Four out of six hypotheses on validity were accepted. Rasch's analysis demonstrated sound goodness-of-fit, and supported the validity of the PRPP-Assessment. CONCLUSION: The PRPP-Assessment by parent-provided videos in this heterogenic group showed sufficient to good psychometric properties. In practice, careful task selection and formulating criterion is recommended.Implications for RehabilitationPRPP-Assessment by parent-provided videos is reliable and valid in the complex, heterogenous group of children with mitochondrial disordersThe PRPP-Assessment is suitable for children with mitochondrial disorders as it showed to contain familiar, functional and meaningful tasks and activities that fit with their level of functioningProfessionals should be aware that parents might not be used to the criterium-based frame of reference of the PRPP-AssessmentWhen applying the PRPP-Assessment, it is recommended to be careful in task selection and formulating the criterion.
2017, Article / Letter to editor (Clinical Rehabilitation, vol. 31, iss. 7, (2017), pp. 936-947)Objective: Identify the environmental factors that influence stroke-survivors' reengagement in personally valued activities and determine what specific environmental factors are related to specific valued activity types. Data sources: PubMed, CINAHL and PsycINFO were searched until June 2016 using multiple search-terms for stroke, activities, disability, and home and community environments. Review methods: An integrated mixed-method systematic review of qualitative, quantitative and mixed-design studies was conducted. Two researchers independently identified relevant studies, assessed their methodological quality and extracted relevant findings. To validly compare and combine the various findings, all findings were classified and grouped by environmental category and level of evidence. Results: The search yielded 4024 records; 69 studies were included. Most findings came from low-evidence-level studies such as single qualitative studies. All findings were consistent in that the following factors facilitated reengagement post-stroke: personal adapted equipment; accessible environments; transport; services; education and information. Barriers were: others' negative attitudes and behaviour; long distances and inconvenient environmental conditions (such as bad weather). Each type of valued activity, such as mobility or work, had its own pattern of environmental influences, social support was a facilitator to all types of activities. Although in many qualitative studies others' attitudes, behaviour and stroke-related knowledge were seen as important for reengagement, these factors were hardly studied quantitatively. Conclusion: A diversity of environmental factors was related to stroke-survivors' reengagement. Most findings came from low-evidence-level studies so that evidence on causal relationships was scarce. In future, more higher-level-evidence studies, for example on the attitudes of significant others, should be conducted.
2016, Article / Letter to editor (Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, vol. 97, iss. 6, (2016), pp. 991-1002)Objective: To investigate how reengagement in valued activities poststroke is influenced by environmental factors. Data Sources: PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched to June 2015 using multiple search terms for stroke, activities, disability, and home and community environments, with the following constraints: English, humans, and adults. Study Selection: Studies were included that contained data on how reengagement in valued activities of community-dwelling stroke survivors was influenced by the environment. Two reviewers independently selected the studies. The search yielded 3726 records; 39 studies were eventually included. Data Extraction: Findings were extracted from qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-design studies. Two reviewers independently assessed study quality using the Oxford Critical Appraisal Skills Programme lists and independently extracted results. Data Synthesis: Thematic analysis was conducted on qualitative data, revealing 9 themes related to the iterative nature of the process of reengagement and the associated environmental factors. During the process of reengagement, environmental factors interact with personal and disease-related factors in a gradual process of shaping or abandoning valued activities. The sociocultural context in this case determines what activities are valued and can be resumed by stroke survivors. Social support; activity opportunities and obligations; familiar and accessible environments; resources and reminders; and a step-by-step return facilitate stroke survivors to explore, adapt, resume, and maintain their activities. Social support is helpful at all stages of the process and particularly is important in case stroke survivors are fearful to explore their activity possibilities. The quantitative data identified largely endorsed these findings. No quantitative data were found in respect to the iterative nature of the process, familiar environments, or accessibility. Conclusions: Reengagement in valued activities is a gradual process. In each stage of the process, several environmental factors play a role. During rehabilitation, professionals should pay attention to the role physical and social environmental factors have in reengagement poststroke and find ways to optimize stroke survivors' environments. (C) 2016 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine
2012, Article / Letter to editor (Wetenschappelijk Tijdschrift voor Ergotherapie, vol. 5, iss. 2, (2012), pp. 15-25)Achtergrond: Het doel van deze studie is het evalueren van de aspecten van interbeoordelaarsbetrouwbaarheid van het PRPP-systeem (Perceive, Recall, Plan en Perform) van Taakanalyse voor het beoordelen van het dagelijks functioneren van thuiswonende patiënten met dementie. Methode: Video-opnames van 30 Duitse patiënten met dementie die een betekenisvolle dagelijkse taak uitvoeren in hun eigen woning werden onafhankelijk beoordeeld door 10 Nederlandse ergotherapeuten opgeleid in PRPP, willekeurig geselecteerd uit een groep van 25. Intra-class correlaties (ICC) (one-way single measure) werden berekend voor PRPP Stage One- onafhankelijkheidsscore, en PRPP Stage Two informatieverwerkingsschaal, kwadrantschalen en subkwadrantschalen van in totaal 300 PRPP-scores. Conclusies: De PRPP is een betrouwbare meting om de individuele prestaties van routines en taken bij patiënten met dementie die in de gemeenschap leven te beoordelen door meerdere beoordelaars. Verder onderzoek is nodig om de kenmerken van betrouwbaarheid en validiteit van de PRPP voor patiënten met dementie na te gaan, met inbegrip van criterion-referenced testkarakteristieken.
2012, Article / Letter to editor (The Cochrane Library, vol. 2012, iss. 10, (2012))In this systematic review we aim to measure the effects of occupational therapy interventions (provided directly by an occupational therapist or under the supervision of an occupational therapist) targeted at improving, restoring and maintaining independence in ADL (to include both self-care and leisure activities) among stroke survivors residing in long-term institutional care termed collectively as ’care homes’ (care homes, residential homes, nursing homes, aged-care facilities, long-term care institutions, and older peoples homes). As a secondary outcome we will also evaluate occupational therapy interventions aimed at reducing complications such as depression and low mood.
2012, Article / Letter to editor (Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, vol. 59, iss. 3, (2012), pp. 247-250)To determine if Workplace Health Promotion programs (WHPs) are effective in improving presenteeism. The secondary objective was to identify characteristics of successful programmes and potential risk factors for presenteeism. The Cochrane Library, Medline and other electronic databases were searched from 1990 to January 2010 for all studies that examined WHP. A highly sensitive search strategy was used including reference list checking, hand searching, and contacting researchers. Fourteen studies (four strong and ten moderate methodological quality) were eligible for inclusion. A further 33 were considered ineligible for inclusion due to methodological weakness. The 14 eligible studies contained preliminary evidence for a positive effect of some WHP programs. Successful programs offered organizational leadership, health risk screening, individually tailored programs, and a supportive workplace culture. Potential risk factors contributing to presenteeism included being overweight, poor diet, lack of exercise, high stress, and poor relations with co-workers and management. There is preliminary evidence that some WHP programs can positively affect presenteeism and that certain risk factors are of importance. The presenteeism literature is young and heterogeneous.
2012, Article / Letter to editor (Wetenschappelijk Tijdschrift voor Ergotherapie, vol. 5, iss. 1, (2012), pp. 52-56)Sinds evidence-based practice ingevoerd wordt in de gezondheidszorg heeft het ontwikkelen en implementeren van richtlijnen veel aandacht gekregen. Er zijn voor zeer veel verschillende aspecten van de zorg hoogwaardige richtlijnen beschikbaar. Ergotherapie is als discipline vertegenwoordigd in een groot aantal multidisciplinaire richtlijnen (www.artsennet.nl). Hierin wordt beschreven wat er bekend is over de wetenschappelijke onderbouwing van ergotherapie-interventies. Ook kent de beroepsgroep sinds een aantal jaren monodisciplinaire richtlijnen voor de gehele ergotherapiebehandeling zoals: de Ergotherapierichtlijn beroerte, inclusief de apraxierichtlijn (Cup & Steultjens, 2005; Stehmann, Van Heugten e.a, 2003), Valpreventie voor thuiswonende ouderen (Theune & Steultjens, 2005), Ergotherapie aan huis bij ouderen met dementie en hun mantelzorgers (Melick, Graff et al., 1998; Graff, Melick et al., 2010), Ergotherapie bij de ziekte van Parkinson en hun mantelzorgers (Sturkenboom et al., 2008) en de ergotherapierichtlijn vermoeidheid bij mensen met neurologische aandoeningen (Evenhuis , Eyssen et al., 2012). Door zorgverzekeraars, de overheid en patiëntenorganisaties worden richtlijnen beschouwd als kwaliteitscriteria van goede zorg. Dit leidt tot de verwachting dat de beroepsgroep conform de richtlijnen werkt. Wij zijn beide actief in het ontwikkelen en implementeren van ergotherapierichtlijnen en krijgen regelmatig uit de praktijk informatie over het werken met richtlijnen. We signaleren dat er zowel grote voordelen zijn aan het hebben van richtlijnen maar ook nadelen, omdat het werken conform richtlijnen nog al wat vraagt van een behandelaar. We vragen ons daarom af of richtlijnen nu een lust of een last zijn.
2012, Article / Letter to editor (Wetenschappelijk Tijdschrift voor Ergotherapie, vol. 2012, iss. 2, (2012), pp. 33-46)De Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) is een behandelmethode in de neurorevalidatie die erop gericht is om het gHet primaire doel van deze literatuurstudie is te achterhalen of de CIMT en de modified-CIMT (mCIMT) valide en effectieve behandelmethoden zijn om de armen handfunctie van de paretische zijde in de subacute en chronische fase na een CVA te verbeteren. De secundaire doelen zijn het onderzoeken van de effecten van de CIMT en mCIMT op het verbeteren van de uitvoer van dagelijkse activiteiten en participatie.ebruik van de paretische arm en hand na een Cerebro Vasculair Accident (CVA) te verbeteren.
2012, Article / Letter to editor (Wetenschappelijk Tijdschrift voor Ergotherapie, vol. 5, iss. 4, (2012), pp. 24-38)Volgens internationale schattingen is de prevalentie van de diagnose Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) minstens 6% voor kinderen in de leeftijd van 5 tot 11 jaar (1). De American Psychiatric Association (APA) heeft DCD gedefinieerd als “The essential feature of DCD is a marked impairment in the development of motor coordination (…) that significantly interferes with academic achievement or activities of daily living” (1). Vrij vertaald naar het Nederlands betekent dit: ‘een aantoonbare verstoring in de ontwikkeling van de motorische coördinatie (…) dat significant interfereert met de schoolse prestaties of met algemene dagelijkse activiteiten’. Vanwege het effect van DCD op het dagelijks leven van kinderen en hun familie (2) is het noodzakelijk dat we interventies toepassen met als doel het dagelijks leven te verbeteren (3).
2011, Article / Letter to editor (Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, vol. 18, iss. 3, (2011), pp. 163-171)Introduction: The aim was to obtain the best available knowledge on stroke survivors' experiences of rehabilitation. The increase in demands for accountability in health care and acknowledgement of the importance of client participation in health decisions calls for systematic ways of integrating this perspective. Methods and materials: A systematic review of qualitative studies was performed. A literature search in MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and EMBASE was conducted. Suitability for inclusion was based on selected criteria: published qualitative studies written in English from 1990 to 2008 on stroke survivors' experiences of rehabilitation in a clinical setting. Data analysis entailed extracting, editing, grouping, and abstracting findings. Results: Twelve studies were included. One theme, "Power and Empowerment" and six subcategories were identified: 1) Coping with a new situation, 2) Informational needs, 3) Physical and non-physical needs, 4) Being personally valued and treated with respect, 5) Collaboration with health care professionals and 6) Assuming responsibility and seizing control. Discussion: The synthesis showed that stroke survivors' experiences of rehabilitation reflected individual and relational aspects of power and empowerment. The capacity to assume power and empowerment was a dynamic rather than a progressive issue, and enabling empowerment was a matter of weighing contrasting issues against each other, e. g. the right to decide versus the right not to decide.
2010, Article / Letter to editor (Wetenschappelijk Tijdschrift voor Ergotherapie, vol. 2010, iss. 3, (2010), pp. 17-18)Betaalde arbeid is een belangrijk aspect van maatschappelijke participatie. De overheid stimuleert arbeidsdeelname, ook bij mensen met een chronische aandoening zoals reumatoïde artritis. De CBO-richtlijn Reumatoïde artritis (2009) beschrijft de risicofactoren voor arbeidsuitval en doet aanbevelingen voor vroegtijdige, multidisciplinaire interventies ter voorkoming van verlies van arbeid. Tijdigheid, het in kaart brengen van de individuele werksituatie en het aanbieden van aanpassingen op het werk worden gezien als belangrijke uitgangspunten voor interventies. De invalshoek van ergotherapie bij risico op arbeidsuitval wordt niet expliciet genoemd in de richtlijn. De beschrijvingen in de richtlijn ten aanzien van de effectiviteit van ergotherapie zijn gericht op alle activiteitendomeinen inclusief arbeid. Het recent gepubliceerde onderzoek van Macedo et al. (2009) is een goede aanvulling op de richtlijn vanwege de focus op ergotherapie en arbeid. Deze kritisch beoordeelde publicatie (critically appraised paper, CAP) geeft een samenvatting van dit onderzoek en beschrijft het belang van de toepassing van de nieuwe evidence.
2009, Article / Letter to editor (Fysiotherapie en Ouderenzorg, vol. 23, iss. 3, (2009), pp. 19-30)Ergotherapie wordt in de eerstelijn steeds vaker geïndiceerd. Daarbij is erg belangrijk dat ook de hoeveelheid beschikbare evidence groeit. Dit artikel laat zien dat het dagelijks functioneren van patiënten met dementie verbetert en de draaglast van mantelzorgers neemt af ten gevolge van een gestructureerde aanpak. Bovendien blijkt dat deze verbeteringen behouden blijven na follow-up.