Browsing Han Publications by Author "Laviano, A."

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Mapping ongoing nutrition intervention trials in muscle, sarcopenia, and cachexia: a scoping review of future research.
Orsso, C.E. ; Montes-Ibarra, M. ; Findlay, M ; Meij, B.S. van der ; Schueren, M.A.E. de van der ; Landi, F. ; Laviano, A. ; Prado, C.M.
2022, Article / Letter to editor (Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle, vol. 13, iss. 3, (2022), pp. 1442-1459)Muscle loss alone, or in the context of sarcopenia or cachexia, is a prevalent condition and a predictor of negative outcomes in aging and disease. As adequate nutrition is essential for muscle maintenance, a growing number of studies has been conducted to explore the role of specific nutrients on muscle mass or function. Nonetheless, more research is needed to guide evidence-based recommendations. This scoping review aimed to compile and document ongoing clinical trials investigating nutrition interventions as a strategy to prevent or treat low muscle mass or function (strength and physical performance), sarcopenia, or cachexia. ClinicalTrials.gov and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched up to 21 April 2021 for planned and ongoing trials. Randomized controlled trials with ≥20 participants per arm were included based on intent to explore the effects of nutrition interventions on muscle-related outcomes (i.e. muscle mass or strength, physical performance, or muscle synthesis rate) in both clinical and non-clinical conditions (i.e. aging). Two reviewers independently screened records for eligibility, and a descriptive synthesis of trials characteristics was conducted. A total of 113 trials were included in the review. Most trials (69.0%) enroll adults with clinical conditions, such as cancer (19.5%), obesity and metabolic diseases (16.8%), and musculoskeletal diseases (10.7%). The effects of nutrition interventions on age-related muscle loss are explored in 31% of trials. Although nutrition interventions of varied types were identified, food supplements alone (48.7%) or combined with dietary advice (11.5%) are most frequently reported. Protein (17.7%), amino acids (10.6%), and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB, 6.2%) are the top three food supplements' nutrients under investigation. Primary outcome of most trials (54.9%) consists of measures of muscle mass alone or in combination with muscle strength and/or performance (as either primary or secondary outcomes). Muscle strength and physical performance are primary outcomes of 38% and 31.9% of the trials, respectively. These measurements were obtained using a variety of techniques. Only a few trials evaluate muscle synthesis rate either as a primary or secondary outcome (5.3%). Several nutrition studies focusing on muscle, sarcopenia, and cachexia are underway and can inform future research in this area. Although many trials have similar type of interventions, methodological heterogeneity may challenge study comparisons, and future meta-analyses aiming to provide evidence-based recommendations. Upcoming research in this area may benefit from guidelines for the assessment of therapeutic effects of nutrition interventions.
ESPEN practical guideline: Clinical Nutrition in cancer
Muscaritoli, M. ; Arends, J ; Bachmann, P ; Baracos, V ; Barthelemy, N ; Bertz, H ; Bozzetti, F ; Hutterer, E ; Isenring, EA ; Kaasa, S ; Krznaric, Z ; Laird, B ; Larsson, M ; Laviano, A. ; Muhlebach, S ; Oldervoll, L ; Ravasco, P ; Solheim, TS ; Strasser, F ; Schueren, M.A.E. de van der ; Preiser, JC ; Bischoff, SC et al. sine al.
2021, Article / Letter to editor (Clinical Nutrition, vol. 40, iss. 5, (2021), pp. 2898-2913)Background: This practical guideline is based on the current scientific ESPEN guidelines on nutrition in cancer patients. Methods: ESPEN guidelines have been shortened and transformed into flow charts for easier use in clinical practice. The practical guideline is dedicated to all professionals including physicians, dieticians, nutritionists and nurses working with patients with cancer. Results: A total of 43 recommendations are presented with short commentaries for the nutritional and metabolic management of patients with neoplastic diseases. The disease-related recommendations are preceded by general recommendations on the diagnostics of nutritional status in cancer patients. Conclusion: This practical guideline gives guidance to health care providers involved in the management of cancer patients to offer optimal nutritional care. (c) 2021 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Cancer-associated anorexia: Validity and performance overtime of different appetite tools among patients at their first cancer diagnosis
Molfino, A ; Schueren, M.A.E. de van der ; Sanchez-Lara, K ; Milke, P ; Amabile, MI ; Imbimbo, G ; Lazzaro, L Di ; Cavuto, S ; Ronzani, G ; Snegovoy, A ; Gioulbasanis, I ; Laviano, A. et al. sine al.
2021, Article / Letter to editor (Clinical Nutrition, vol. 40, iss. 6, (2021), pp. 4037-4042)Background & aims: Anorexia is a frequent symptom in cancer and we aimed to assess its prevalence among patients at their first cancer diagnosis by different appetite tools and the relationship between each tool with self-reports of food intake. We also tested whether cancer anorexia influences outcomes independently of reduced food intake or body weight loss (BWL) overtime and whether BWL was associated with complications during anticancer-therapy. Methods: Functional Assessment of Anorexia/Cachexia Therapy (FAACT) score, self-assessment of appetite, Anorexia Questionnaire (AQ) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were administered. Percent of food intake was used as a criterion measure of anorexia. We registered BWL and anticancer-therapy complications over 3-month-follow-up. Results: 438 cancer patients from 7 cancer-centers worldwide were included. The prevalence of anorexia was 39.9% by FAACT score, 40.2% by VAS, 40.6% by the self-assessment of appetite and 65.4% by AQ. Low food intake (<50%) was reported in 28% of patients. All appetite tools correlated with food intake percent (P < 0.0001). We documented a correlation between self-assessment of appetite, FAACT score, VAS and BWL overtime (P < 0.04). The self-assessment of appetite (P = 0.0152) and the FAACT score (P = 0.043) were associated with BWL independently of anticancer therapies. Among patients with BWL, the risk to develop complications was greater with respect to those who maintained a stable or gained body weight (P = 0.03). Conclusions: In our sample of cancer patients, FAACT score and self-assessment of appetite performed well when low food intake was used as a criterion measure, and revealed an association of anorexia with BWL, which was, in turn, related to the development of anticancer-therapy complications. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.
The centenary of the Harris-Benedict equations: How to assess energy requirements best? Recommendations from the ESPEN expert group
Bendavid, I ; Lobo, DN ; Barazzoni, R. ; Cederholm, T. ; Coeffier, M ; Schueren, M.A.E. de van der ; Fontaine, E ; Hiesmayr, M. ; Laviano, A. ; Pichard, C ; Singer, P. et al. sine al.
2021, Article / Letter to editor (Clinical Nutrition, vol. 40, iss. 3, (2021), pp. 690-701)Background & aims: The year 2019 marked the centenary of the publication of the Harris and Benedict equations for estimation of energy expenditure. In October 2019 a Scientific Symposium was organized by the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) in Vienna, Austria, to celebrate this historical landmark, looking at what is currently known about the estimation and measurement of energy expenditure. Methods: Current evidence was discussed during the symposium, including the scientific basis and clinical knowledge, and is summarized here to assist with the estimation and measurement of energy requirements that later translate into energy prescription. Results: In most clinical settings, the majority of predictive equations have low to moderate performance, with the best generally reaching an accuracy of no more than 70%, and often lead to large errors in estimating the true needs of patients. Generally speaking, the addition of body composition measurements did not add to the accuracy of predictive equations. Indirect calorimetry is the most reliable method to measure energy expenditure and guide energy prescription, but carries inherent limitations, greatly restricting its use in real life clinical practice. Conclusions: While the limitations of predictive equations are clear, their use is still the mainstay in clinical practice. It is imperative to recognize specific patient populations for whom a specific equation should be preferred. When available, the use of indirect calorimetry is advised in a variety of clinical settings, aiming to avoid under-as well as overfeeding. (C)2020 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.
Translating Evidence-Based Guidelines into Practice-Are We Getting It Right? A Multi-Centre Prospective International Audit of Nutrition Care in Patients with Foregut Tumors (INFORM)
Findlay, M ; Bauer, J. ; Dhaliwal, R ; Schueren, M.A.E. de van der ; Laviano, A. ; Widaman, A ; Martin, L ; Day, AG ; Gramlich, L.
2020, Article / Letter to editor (Nutrients, vol. 12, iss. 12, (2020))Malnutrition is highly prevalent in patients with foregut tumors comprising head and neck (HNC) and esophageal (EC) cancers, negatively impacting outcomes. International evidence-based guidelines (EBGs) for nutrition care exist; however, translation of research evidence into practice commonly presents considerable challenges and consequently lags. This study aimed to describe and evaluate current international nutrition care practices compared with the best-available evidence for patients with foregut tumors who are at high risk of malnutrition. A multi-centre prospective cohort study enrolled 170 patients commencing treatment of curative intent for HNC (n = 119) or EC (n = 51) in 11 cancer care settings in North America, Europe and Australia between 2016 and 2018. Adherence criteria were derived from relevant EBG recommendations with pooled results for participating centres reported according to the Nutrition Care Model at either system or patient levels. Adherence to EBG recommendations was: good (>= 80%) for performing baseline nutrition screening and assessment, perioperative nutrition assessment and nutrition prescription for energy and protein targets; moderate (>= 60 to 80%) for utilizing validated screening and assessment tools and pre-radiotherapy dietitian consultation; and poor (60%) for initiating post-operative nutrition support within 24 h and also dietetic consultation weekly during radiotherapy and fortnightly for 6 weeks post-radiotherapy. In conclusion, gaps in evidence-based cancer nutrition care remain; however, this may be improved by filling known evidence gaps through high-quality research with a concurrent evolution of EBGs to also encompass practical implementation guidance. These should aim to support multidisciplinary cancer clinicians to close evidence-practice gaps throughout the patient care trajectory with clearly defined roles and responsibilities that also address patient-reported concerns.
The determinants of reduced dietary intake in hospitalised colorectal cancer patients.
Werf, A. van der ; Arthey, K. ; Hiesmayr, M. ; Sulz, I. ; Schindler, K. ; Laviano, A. ; Langius, J.A.E. ; Schueren, M.A.E. de van der
2018, Article / Letter to editor (Supportive Care in Cancer, vol. 26, iss. 6, (2018), pp. 2039-2047)

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